DatabaseMigrator
public struct DatabaseMigrator
A DatabaseMigrator registers and applies database migrations.
Migrations are named blocks of SQL statements that are guaranteed to be applied in order, once and only once.
When a user upgrades your application, only non-applied migration are run.
Usage:
var migrator = DatabaseMigrator()
// 1st migration
migrator.registerMigration("createLibrary") { db in
try db.create(table: "author") { t in
t.autoIncrementedPrimaryKey("id")
t.column("creationDate", .datetime)
t.column("name", .text).notNull()
}
try db.create(table: "book") { t in
t.autoIncrementedPrimaryKey("id")
t.column("authorId", .integer)
.notNull()
.references("author", onDelete: .cascade)
t.column("title", .text).notNull()
}
}
// 2nd migration
migrator.registerMigration("AddBirthYearToAuthors") { db in
try db.alter(table: "author") { t
t.add(column: "birthYear", .integer)
}
}
// Migrations for future versions will be inserted here:
//
// // 3rd migration
// migrator.registerMigration("...") { db in
// ...
// }
try migrator.migrate(dbQueue)
-
Controls how migrations handle foreign keys constraints.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum ForeignKeyChecks
-
When the
eraseDatabaseOnSchemaChange
flag is true, the migrator will automatically wipe out the full database content, and recreate the whole database from scratch, if it detects that a migration has changed its definition.This flag can destroy your precious users’ data!
But it may be useful in two situations:
During application development, as you are still designing migrations, and the schema changes often.
In this case, it is recommended that you make sure this flag does not ship in the distributed application, in order to avoid undesired data loss:
var migrator = DatabaseMigrator() #if DEBUG // Speed up development by nuking the database when migrations change migrator.eraseDatabaseOnSchemaChange = true #endif
When the database content can easily be recreated, such as a cache for some downloaded data.
Declaration
Swift
public var eraseDatabaseOnSchemaChange: Bool
-
A new migrator.
Declaration
Swift
public init()
-
Returns a migrator that will not perform deferred foreign key checks in all newly registered migrations.
The returned migrator is unsafe, because it no longer guarantees the integrity of the database. It is your responsibility to register migrations that do not break foreign key constraints.
Running migrations without foreign key checks can improve migration performance on huge databases.
Example:
var migrator = DatabaseMigrator() migrator.registerMigration("A") { db in // Runs with deferred foreign key checks } migrator.registerMigration("B", foreignKeyChecks: .immediate) { db in // Runs with immediate foreign key checks } migrator = migrator.disablingDeferredForeignKeyChecks() migrator.registerMigration("C") { db in // Runs with disabled foreign key checks } migrator.registerMigration("D", foreignKeyChecks: .immediate) { db in // Runs with immediate foreign key checks }
Warning
Before using this unsafe method, try to run your migrations with.immediate
foreign key checks, if possible. This may enhance migration performances, while preserving the database integrity guarantee.Declaration
Swift
public func disablingDeferredForeignKeyChecks() -> DatabaseMigrator
-
Registers a migration.
migrator.registerMigration("createAuthors") { db in try db.create(table: "author") { t in t.autoIncrementedPrimaryKey("id") t.column("creationDate", .datetime) t.column("name", .text).notNull() } }
Precondition
No migration with the same same as already been registered.
Declaration
Swift
public mutating func registerMigration( _ identifier: String, foreignKeyChecks: ForeignKeyChecks = .deferred, migrate: @escaping (Database) throws -> Void)
Parameters
identifier
The migration identifier.
foreignKeyChecks
This parameter is ignored if the database has not enabled foreign keys.
block
The migration block that performs SQL statements.
-
Iterate migrations in the same order as they were registered. If a migration has not yet been applied, its block is executed in a transaction.
Throws
An eventual error thrown by the registered migration blocks.Declaration
Swift
@_disfavoredOverload public func migrate(_ writer: DatabaseWriter) throws
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
-
migrate(_:
Asynchronous) Iterate migrations in the same order as they were registered. If a migration has not yet been applied, its block is executed in a transaction.
Throws
An eventual error thrown by the registered migration blocks.Declaration
Swift
@available(macOS 10.15, iOS 13, tvOS 13, watchOS 6, *) public func migrate(_ writer: DatabaseWriter) async throws
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
-
Iterate migrations in the same order as they were registered, up to the provided target. If a migration has not yet been applied, its block is executed in a transaction.
Throws
An eventual error thrown by the registered migration blocks.Declaration
Swift
@_disfavoredOverload public func migrate(_ writer: DatabaseWriter, upTo targetIdentifier: String) throws
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
targetIdentifier
The identifier of a registered migration.
-
migrate(_:
AsynchronousupTo: ) Iterate migrations in the same order as they were registered, up to the provided target. If a migration has not yet been applied, its block is executed in a transaction.
Throws
An eventual error thrown by the registered migration blocks.Declaration
Swift
@available(macOS 10.15, iOS 13, tvOS 13, watchOS 6, *) public func migrate(_ writer: DatabaseWriter, upTo targetIdentifier: String) async throws
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
targetIdentifier
The identifier of a registered migration.
-
Iterate migrations in the same order as they were registered. If a migration has not yet been applied, its block is executed in a transaction.
Declaration
Swift
public func asyncMigrate( _ writer: DatabaseWriter, completion: @escaping (Database, Error?) -> Void)
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
completion
A closure that is called in a protected dispatch queue that can write in the database, with the eventual migration error.
-
The list of registered migration identifiers, in the same order as they have been registered.
Declaration
Swift
public var migrations: [String] { get }
-
Returns the identifiers of registered and applied migrations, in the order of registration.
See also
appliedIdentifiers(_:)
.Throws
An eventual database error.Declaration
Swift
public func appliedMigrations(_ db: Database) throws -> [String]
Parameters
db
A database connection.
-
Returns the applied migration identifiers, even unregistered ones.
See also
appliedMigrations(_:)
.Throws
An eventual database error.Declaration
Swift
public func appliedIdentifiers(_ db: Database) throws -> Set<String>
Parameters
db
A database connection.
-
Returns the identifiers of completed migrations, of which all previous migrations have been applied.
Throws
An eventual database error.Declaration
Swift
public func completedMigrations(_ db: Database) throws -> [String]
Parameters
db
A database connection.
-
Returns true if all migrations are applied.
Throws
An eventual database error.Declaration
Swift
public func hasCompletedMigrations(_ db: Database) throws -> Bool
Parameters
db
A database connection.
-
Returns whether database contains unknown migration identifiers, which is likely the sign that the database has migrated further than the migrator itself supports.
Throws
An eventual database error.Declaration
Swift
public func hasBeenSuperseded(_ db: Database) throws -> Bool
Parameters
db
A database connection.
-
Returns a Publisher that asynchronously migrates a database.
let migrator: DatabaseMigrator = ... let dbQueue: DatabaseQueue = ... let publisher = migrator.migratePublisher(dbQueue)
It completes on the main dispatch queue.
Declaration
Swift
@available(macOS 10.15, iOS 13, tvOS 13, watchOS 6, *) public func migratePublisher(_ writer: DatabaseWriter) -> DatabasePublishers.Migrate
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
-
Returns a Publisher that asynchronously migrates a database.
let migrator: DatabaseMigrator = ... let dbQueue: DatabaseQueue = ... let publisher = migrator.migratePublisher(dbQueue, receiveOn: DispatchQueue.global())
It completes on
scheduler
.Declaration
Swift
@available(macOS 10.15, iOS 13, tvOS 13, watchOS 6, *) public func migratePublisher<S>(_ writer: DatabaseWriter, receiveOn scheduler: S) -> DatabasePublishers.Migrate where S: Scheduler
Parameters
writer
A DatabaseWriter (DatabaseQueue or DatabasePool) where migrations should apply.
scheduler
A Combine Scheduler.